FY18 and FY19 Appropriations

Congressional leaders on both sides of the aisle publicly spoke out against the President's FY19 budget request. Congress is still working to finalize the FY18 budget and we expect to see an omnibus this week. BEC has been advocating to ensure that Basic Education is protected in the final FY18 appropriations bill and we are calling for the omnibus to include the House’s higher funding level for Basic Education of $800,000,000.

House and Senate Appropriations Committees are simultaneously beginning their work on the FY19 budget. As the FY19 budget process picks up steam on the Hill, BEC is submitting the following program funding request to key Congressional offices on the Appropriations Committees: “$925,000,000 for Basic Education, with at least $800,000,000 provided as Development Assistance. USAID is working with trusted partners to mobilize U.S. resources and expertise behind common goals. We respectfully urge Congress to seek funding at the requested level in order to expand effective existing programs as part of USAID’s Education Strategy.”

President's FY19 Budget Request

The President’s FY19 Budget Request proposed a 30% cut to the International Affairs Budget relative to the FY17 enacted level. Last year, the President also suggested deep cuts in the FY18 Budget Request, but Congress rose to the occasion and spoke out in defense of US foreign assistance. For an in depth analysis of the President’s FY19 International Affairs Budget Request, reference USGLC’s “Groundhog Budget.”

Basic Education was once again targeted for drastic cuts in the FY19 Budget Request. The Administration proposed $394,530,000 for Basic Education, which would be a 51% cut from the FY17 enacted level ($800,000,000). BEC will continue to work with partner organizations and allies on the Hill to ensure strong support for Basic Education throughout the FY19 appropriations process.

In other Administration news, President Trump announced on March 13th that he will be placing Rex Tillerson as Secretary of State with former Congressman and current CIA Director Mike Pompeo. BEC will work with Senate Foreign Relations Committee staff to submit Questions for the Record on the importance of international basic education for Director Pompeo’s confirmation hearing in April.
 

FY18 Appropriations

The Senate State Foreign Operations Appropriation bill was approved on September 7th. you can find the Majority’s summary here and the Minority’s here. A brief overview of the bill:

• $51.2 billion in topline spending with $30.4 billion in base and $20.8 billion in OCO. This is a 1.7% cut from FY17, excluding the defense supplemental and famine relief.
• Basic education was appropriated $500 million for FY18, with $75 million earmarked for multilateral organizations. This was not unexpected, as the Senate bill is generally less than the House. 
  • In comparison:
    • The House FY18 SFOPS bill allocated $800 million, with $87.5 multilaterals towards multilaterals
    • President Trump’s request for basic ed for FY18 was $377.901 million
    • The FY17 final numbers for basic education were $800 million, with $75 million towards multilaterals.
• The report language for basic education, which now includes secondary education, highlights the pipeline (which is now at $2.295 billion) and supports greater emphasis on adolescent girls education. 

The House of Representatives will be voting on a 8 bill appropriations Omnibus the week of September 11th. 

Continuing Resolution

On September 8th, President Trump signed a continuing resolution that will keep the government funded until December 8th. The CR continues funding the government under FY17 levels with a slight reduction of .6781%. This translates to roughly a $5.4 million reduction in basic education funding. 

READ Act passes out of SFRC

The READ Act passed out of Senate Foreign Relations Committee by unanimous voice vote on May 25th. A technical amendment was added to the bill during the markup, changing the due date of the next USAID Education strategy from October 1st to one year from enactment of the READ Act. The bill will now need to pass the full Senate and the House of Representatives before it is sent to President Trump’s desk. The READ Act (HR 601/S 623) was introduced by Ranking Member Lowey and Rep. Reichert in the House and Senators Rubio and Durbin. You can find the bill here.

President's budget released

On May 23rd, President Trump released his FY18 budget request to the public. As expected, there was a $54 million increase in defense spending and a cut to the Non-Defense Discretionary accounts for the same amount. Almost every agency, excluding Defense, VA and Homeland, have reduced spending requests.

State Department and Foreign Assistance
The budget remained consistent with the President’s proposal in mid-March, proposing to slash the State Department’s budget by 32% for a total of $37.6 billion. This funding is split between base funding (long-term, enduring development and diplomacy programs) and Overseas Contingency Operations(OCO) funding.
 
The overall foreign aid and diplomacy spending request is $40.1 billion compared to FY17 levels of $53.1 billion. The White House has also split this funding between core funding ($28 billion) and OCO funds ($12 billion). Items of note include:

* The elimination of the Food for Peace program, which was just funded at over $1 billion in FY17 to fight famine across the world, and the McGovern-Dole program, shifting all funding into the International Disaster Assistance Account.
* The elimination of funding for international family planning programs
* A sharp cut to Global Health funding by $2.2 billion
* 37 countries will lose economic and development assistance
* Disaster aid (IDA) would receive a 43% cut

 
Basic Education and Development Assistance
The Development Assistance account, where the majority of basic education funding resides and has traditionally focused on long-term development efforts and overseen by USAID, has been merged with the Economic Support fund, which is overseen by State and is traditionally focused on providing assistance to strategic partners, to create the new Economic Support and Development Fund account. The new account would be overseen by the State Department and would see a 44% cut comparted to FY17 levels and assistance to 37 countries will be zeroed out. The Office of Economic Growth, Education and Environment (E3) has received a 60% cut.
 
Basic Education funding will receive a 53% cut when compared to FY17 enacted levels. When comparing FY17 request to FY18 request, funding is cut by 33%. Funding for basic education will come from the newly created Economic Support and Development Fund account, overseen by State, and the Economic Support and Development Fund OCO, overseen by the Department of Defense and the State Department.
 
What’s next?
The President’s budget, by all accounts, is considered dead on arrival by both Democrats and Republicans in Congress. House and Senate Appropriations Committees will begin holding hearings on the Administration’s request and will begin drafting their own appropriation bills in the coming months. Congress has until September 30th to negotiate and pass FY18 appropriation bills before funding for the government runs out.
 
Finally, as a reference, below are important links regarding the budget:
* The State Department FY18 budget page, including the Congressional Budget Justification
* The President’s Budget
* Major Savings and Reforms of the FY18 Budget (published by the White House)
* Budget Appendixes for each agency
* Supplemental Materials Released by the White House for the Budget
* USGLC’s Statement and Analysis of the Budget
* MFAN’s Statement on the Budget
* InterAction’s Budget Table with updated numbers

Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017

House and Senate appropriators came to an agreement on a fiscal year 2017 omnibus spending bill to fund the government until the end of the fiscal year, September 30th. The legislation consists of the 11 unfinished appropriation bills for FY17, including State and Foreign Ops, and provides new guidance on how funds should be spent.
 
Overall Funding
The 2017 omnibus provides for a total $1.070 trillion for FY17 including:

* $551 billion in base defense spending
* $518.5 billion in base non-defense spending
* $62.1 billion in Overseas Contingency Operations defense spending
* $16.5 billion in Overseas Contingency Operations non-defense spending

Additionally, the bill provides funds to Puerto Rico to alleviate an emergency budget shortfall, $202 million towards the McGovern-Dole program, a $15 billion boost to supplemental defense spending, extension of health insurance benefits for retired mine workers and $1.1 billion in disaster assistance funding.
 
A number of the President’s requests, including funding for the border wall, an $18 billion cut to non-defense spending and codifying the global gag rule, were not included in the bill.
 
State and Foreign Operations Funding
The FY17 omnibus provides $53.07 billion in discretionary funding for the State Department, USAID and other related programs, including approx. $1 billion towards famine relief.

Key funding includes maintained FY16 levels for basic education programs($800 million, with $75 million allocated for multilateral programs)

* $2.99 billion for development assistance, a $214.5 million increase over the FY16 level   
* $905 million for MCC
* $3.1 billion for assistance for refugees

Without the additional funding for famine relief, the bill is approx $594 million less than FY16. To reduce spending, appropriators:

* Capped funding for US peacekeeping assessments at 25%
* Did not contribute to the Green Climate Fund
* Underfunded US contributions to the World Bank

Bill Text and Summaries
You can find the text of HR 244 (the FY17 Omnibus) here. Ranking Member Nita Lowey (D-NY)’s summary on the bill can be found here. State and Foreign Operations begins on page 1114 and ends on 1463. You can find the official explanatory statement from the House of Representatives for State and Foreign Operations here.